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Поведение этих функций зависит от установок в php.ini.

Exif supports automatically conversion for Unicode and JIS character encodings of user comments when module mbstring is available. This is done by first decoding the comment using the specified characterset. The result is then encoded with another characterset which should match your HTTP output.

Exif configuration options

Name	Default	Changeable	Changelog
exif.encode_unicode	"ISO-8859-15"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
exif.decode_unicode_motorola	"UCS-2BE"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
exif.decode_unicode_intel	"UCS-2LE"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
exif.encode_jis	""	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
exif.decode_jis_motorola	"JIS"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
exif.decode_jis_intel	"JIS"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.

Для подробного описания констант PHP_INI_*, обратитесь к документации функции ini_set().

Краткое разъяснение конфигурационных директив.

exif.encode_unicode string

exif.encode_unicode defines the characterset UNICODE user comments are handled. This defaults to ISO-8859-15 which should work for most non Asian countries. The setting can be empty or must be an encoding supported by mbstring. If it is empty the current internal encoding of mbstring is used.

exif.decode_unicode_motorola string

exif.decode_unicode_motorola defines the image internal characterset for Unicode encoded user comments if image is in motorola byte order (big-endian). This setting cannot be empty but you can specify a list of encodings supported by mbstring. The default is UCS-2BE.

exif.decode_unicode_intel string

exif.decode_unicode_intel defines the image internal characterset for Unicode encoded user comments if image is in intel byte order (little-endian). This setting cannot be empty but you can specify a list of encodings supported by mbstring. The default is UCS-2LE.

exif.encode_jis string

exif.encode_jis defines the characterset JIS user comments are handled. This defaults to an empty value which forces the functions to use the current internal encoding of mbstring.

exif.decode_jis_motorola string

exif.decode_jis_motorola defines the image internal characterset for JIS encoded user comments if image is in motorola byte order (big-endian). This setting cannot be empty but you can specify a list of encodings supported by mbstring. The default is JIS.

exif.decode_jis_intel string

exif.decode_jis_intel defines the image internal characterset for JIS encoded user comments if image is in intel byte order (little-endian). This setting cannot be empty but you can specify a list of encodings supported by mbstring. The default is JIS.